{"id":280,"date":"2022-04-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-21T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.engoo.com\/tw\/%e3%80%90%e8%8b%b1%e6%96%87%e6%96%87%e6%b3%95%e3%80%91%e4%b8%8d%e5%8f%af%e6%95%b8%e5%90%8d%e8%a9%9e%e8%a6%81%e5%8a%a0%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e5%86%a0%e8%a9%9e%ef%bc%9f%e5%9b%9b%e5%a4%a7%e8%a6%81%e8%a8%a3\/"},"modified":"2025-08-07T02:51:42","modified_gmt":"2025-08-07T02:51:42","slug":"generic-references-in-english","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/engoo.com.tw\/blog\/%e8%8b%b1%e6%96%87%e5%af%ab%e4%bd%9c%e7%a7%98%e8%a8%a3\/generic-references-in-english\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u82f1\u6587\u6587\u6cd5\u3011\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u8981\u52a0\u4ec0\u9ebc\u51a0\u8a5e\uff1f\u8f15\u9b06\u638c\u63e1\u6b63\u78ba\u540d\u8a5e\u7528\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7de8\u8f2f\uff0fZoe Li<\/p>\n

\u51a0\u8a5e\u5230\u5e95\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f \u53ef\u6578\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u3001\u5b9a\u8a5e\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u5230\u5e95\u600e\u9ebc\u5206\u5225\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f8\u4fe1\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u82f1\u6587\u5beb\u4f5c\u6642\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u9047\u5230\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5230\u5e95\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u8a72\u7528\u201da,\u201d\uff0c\u53c8\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u8a72\u7528\u201dthe,\u201d\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e9b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4fd7\u7a31\u7684\u51a0\u8a5e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u540d\u8a5e\u4e4b\u524d\u4f86\u505a\u5340\u5225\u6216\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u56e0\u540d\u8a5e\u6709\u201d\u53ef\u6578\u201d\u6216\u201d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u201d\u7684\u5206\u5225<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5a\u6216the\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u4e5f\u5c31\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6069...\u9019\u6a23\u8aaa\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u4e9b\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u770b\u5b8c\u672c\u9019\u7bc7\u5c31\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\u4e86\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n

\u51a0\u8a5e\u53ca\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4ecb\u7d39<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u540d\u8a5e\uff1a\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u51a0\u8a5e\uff1a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\u3001\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u9032\u5165\u4e3b\u984c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9019\u908a\u5148\u4f86\u5feb\u901f\u8907\u7fd2\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u540d\u8a5e\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u6210\u5169\u5927\u985e\uff1a\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u5011\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u570b\u4e2d\u6216\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6642\u90fd\u6709\u5b78\u904e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7d93\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8df3\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u5f8c\u9762\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u25ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u6578\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\uff1a\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u9019\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6578\u5b57\u4f86\u6578\u51fa\u91cf\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u88e1\u90fd\u9019\u4e9b\u540d\u8a5e\u90fd\u6703\u4ee5\u201dC\u201d\u4f86\u8a3b\u8a18\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u8868\"countable.(\u53ef\u6578\u7684)\"\u7684\u7e2e\u5beb\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u6709\u55ae\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u548c\u8907\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\uff1acomputer\uff08\u96fb\u8166\uff09\u3001dog\uff08\u72d7\uff09\u3001house\uff08\u5bb6\uff09\u3001lemon\uff08\u6ab8\u6aac\uff09\u3001salt\uff08\u9e7d\uff09\u3001smartphone\uff08\u667a\u6167\u578b\u624b\u6a5f\uff09\u3002<\/span> \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u25ba\u7121\u6cd5\u6578\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\uff1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u9019\u4e9b\u7121\u6cd5\u7528\u6578\u5b57\u4f86\u6578\u51fa\u91cf\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u8981\u88dd\u5728\u676f\u5b50\u6216\u5bb9\u5668\u88e1\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u505a\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6db2\u9ad4\u3001\u904b\u52d5\u6216\u662f\u67d0\u7a2e\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b57\u5178\u88e1\u6703\u4ee5\"U\"\u4f86\u505a\u8a3b\u8a18\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\"uncountable.(\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u7684)\"\u7684\u7e2e\u5beb\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7121\u6cd5\u505a\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u4ee5\u55ae\u6578\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f86\u505a\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\uff1aadvice\uff08\u5efa\u8b70\uff09\u3001information\uff08\u6d88\u606f\uff09\u3001furniture\uff08\u5bb6 \u5177\uff09\u3001hair\uff08\u982d\u9aee\uff09\u3001money\uff08\u9322\uff09\u3001music\uff08\u97f3\u6a02\uff09\u3002<\/span> \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u51a0\u8a5e\u4e5f\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u6210\u5169\u5927\u985e<\/span><\/p>\n

\u25ba\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\uff1aa\/an\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u5728\u6307\u51fa\u67d0\u9805\u4e0d\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u25ba\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\uff1athe\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u5728\u6307\u51fa\u67d0\u9805\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"a\" \u548c \"an\"\u662f\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\uff0c\"a\"\u7528\u5728\u5f8c\u9762\u63a5\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\u5176\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u70ba\u5b50\u97f3\u6642\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u800c\"an\"\u5247\u662f\u7528\u5728\u5f8c\u9762\u63a5\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\u5176\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u70ba\u6bcd\u97f3(a, e, i, o, u.)\u6642\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\"a\" \u548c \"an\"\u90fd\u6709\u201done(\u4e00\u500b)\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u5728\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u800c\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u51a0\u8a5e\u5247\u662f\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\u201dthe\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u7d71\u6574\u8d77\u4f86\u5171\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u500b\u51a0\u8a5e\uff0c\"a\" \uff0c\"an\"\uff0c \"the\"\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c0da \u548c the\u9084\u662f\u6709\u7591\u554f\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003\u9019\u7bc7\uff1a<\/span>\u51a0\u8a5e\"a\"\u548c\"the\" \u600e\u9ebc\u5340\u5206\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u540d\u8a5e\u548c\u51a0\u8a5e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u898f\u5247<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u525b\u525b\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u8907\u7fd2\u904e\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\u3001\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\uff0c\u90a3\u73fe\u5728\u5c31\u8981\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u5165\u6b63\u984c\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1.\u5c0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u505a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6216\u8aaa\u660e\u6642\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u51a0\u8a5e\uff0c\u7d71\u4e00\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8907\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCars are faster than walking.\u201d\uff08\u8eca\u5b50\u6bd4\u8d70\u8def\u9084\u5feb\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cLemons are sour.\u201d\uff08\u6ab8\u6aac\u5f88\u9178\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSmartphones are getting bigger.\u201d\uff08\u667a\u6167\u578b\u624b\u6a5f\u8d8a\u505a\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\uff09<\/span> \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u505a\u4e00\u822c\u63cf\u8ff0\u6216\u8aaa\u660e\u6642\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\"cars are...\" or \"lemons are...\" \u6216\"smartphones are...\"\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8907\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u5c0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u505a\u5177\u9ad4\u6216\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u9673\u8ff0\u6216\u8aaa\u660e\u6642\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span>
\u201cI bought a used car.\u201d\uff08\u6211\u8cb7\u4e86\u4e00\u8f1b\u4e2d\u53e4\u8eca\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cShe used a lemon to make lemonade.\u201d\uff08\u5979\u7528\u4e00\u9846\u6ab8\u6aac\u505a\u4e86\u6ab8\u6aac\u6c34\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cHe has a smartphone which he bought yesterday.\u201d\uff08\u4ed6\u6628\u5929\u8cb7\u4e86\u4e00\u96bb\u667a\u6167\u578b\u624b\u6a5f\u3002\uff09<\/span> \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u8ddf\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e00\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9019\u908a\u4e3b\u8981\u91cd\u9ede\u653e\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u5177\u9ad4\u4e8b\u7269\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u5c0d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u505a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6216\u8aaa\u660e\u6642\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u51a0\u8a5e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWeather changes everyday.\u201d\uff08\u5929\u6c23\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCoffee wakes you up.\u201d\uff08\u5496\u5561\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u4f60\u6e05\u9192\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSalt is necessary for cooking.\u201d\uff08\u9e7d\u5728\u6599\u7406\u6642\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u63d0\u9192:<\/span>\u4e0d\u53ef\u6578\u540d\u8a5e\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u505a\u8907\u6578\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u5c0d\u67d0\u7279\u5b9a\u6216\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u505a\u51fa\u9673\u8ff0\u6216\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6642\uff0c\u5247\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201cYesterday I went to the restaurant which we went together last week.\u201d\uff08\u6211\u6628\u5929\u53bb\u4e86\u90a3\u9593\u6211\u5011\u4e0a\u5468\u624d\u53bb\u7684\u9910\u5ef3\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe coffee you bought us was tasty.\u201d\uff08\u4f60\u8cb7\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5496\u5561\u5f88\u597d\u559d\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPass me the salt, please.\u201d\uff08\u8acb\u5e6b\u6211\u905e\u500b\u9e7d\u3002\uff09<\/span> \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u9019\u908a\u4f7f\u7528\u201dthe\u201d\u80fd\u8b93\u5c0d\u65b9\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u78ba\u5b9a\u4f60\u6240\u6307\u7684\u67d0\u9805\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7576\u5728\u9673\u8ff0\u6216\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6642\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u6216\u662f\u4e8b\u7269\u662f\u5728\u5148\u524d\u5c0d\u8a71\u6642\u5df2\u6709\u63d0\u53ca\u5230\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6216\u662f\u96d9\u65b9\u5c0d\u6b64\u4e8b\u7269\u90fd\u6709\u5171\u8b58\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u4f8b\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u201d\u9e7d\u5df4\u201d\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u8a8d\u77e5\u4e0a\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u4ef6\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4f8b\u53e5\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c<\/span>The man<\/span> I saw yesterday at a supermarket <\/span>was my boss.\u201d\uff08\u6211\u6628\u5929\u5728\u8d85\u5e02\u770b\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u7537\u7684\u662f\u6211\u8001\u95c6\u8036\uff01\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u5b50\u53e5\u201cI saw yesterday at a supermarket<\/span>\u201d\uff08\u6211\u6628\u5929\u5728\u8d85\u5e02\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u7528\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86<\/span>The man<\/span>(\u90a3\u7537\u7684)<\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaaThe man\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6240\u8981\u6307\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u908a\u5c31\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u201dthe\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u89e3\u91cb\u5b8c\u7562\uff01\u5927\u5bb6\u5c0d\u51a0\u8a5e\u6709\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e9b\u5176\u5be6\u90fd\u662f\u4f60\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u5c31\u5df2\u5b78\u7fd2\u904e\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u7528\u5230\u7684\u6642\u5019\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6703\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7528\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

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