【英文作文】However?Unless?一次搞懂超複雜的連接詞跟轉折語!
你曾在看英文文章時常常搞不懂為什麼作者突然要寫出這種句子?
或是在寫英文作文時突然想不到下個句子要怎麼寫,
或是就算寫了出來,又感覺好像前後語句不太順,就是沒辦法完整表達出你要的意思呢?
這種時候,很有可能是連接詞或是轉折語運用不當,或是不夠確切。
連接詞跟轉折語是標示出文章句意的重要元素。和中文不同,英文的連接詞與轉折語一但不小心用得不恰當,往往會造成句意上的嚴重不同。
所以今天,Engoo小編幫大家整理了幾個常用的連接詞與轉折語,讓大家以後在讀寫文章時都能更加精確喔!
以下我們將根據不同用法及功能,將連接詞與轉折語分類統整,讓大家能更清楚表達。
表原因類
表原因類的字就是在句子中說明剛剛提到的事件或概念是由什麼東西導致的,就像我們中文常說的因為、由於這類的詞喔。
because
...as...
due to A
result from A
cause by A
the reason why....
【範例】
The baseball game was cancelled, because/as it was raining.
=The baseball game was cancelled due to the rain.
=Raining is the reason why the baseball game was cancelled.
=The cancelled baseball game resulted from/ was caused by the rain.
因為下雨的關係,所以棒球賽被取消了。
表結果類
表結果類的字是當要說明剛剛提到的事件或行為產生了什麼結果或造什麼影響時而用。有點像中文裡的導致、所以、因此。
所以
so
as a result
【範例】It's already 8 a.m., so/as a result, I need to leave home right away, or I'll be late for school.
已經八點了,所以我必須立刻離開家出發,不然上學會遲到。
導致
result in
lead to
【範例】Their carelessness led to/resulted in this tragedy.
他們的粗心導致了這次的悲劇發生。
因此
therefore
hence
consequently
【範例】The washing machine is broken, therefore/hence we need to do the laundry by hands.
=The washing machine is broken. Consequently we need to do the laundry by hands.
洗衣機壞了,因此我們得用手洗衣服。
表條件、假設類
這一類的字是在當句子中間出現條件,或是要假設一件事情時使用的,如同中文的如果、除非。
如果
if
【範例】If he hadn't arrived late, we would have already been on the train.
要是他沒有遲到,我們早已搭上火車。
除非
unless
【範例】I won't stop interrogating him, unless he tells the truth.
除非他說實話,不然我不會停止質詢他。
表轉折類
轉折語氣勢用在當你要表述與剛剛的說話立場或態度相反或出現不同看法時可以使用,類似我們中文裡的但是、然而、事實上喔!
但是
but
though
although
【範例】I would like to solve your problems, but I am really running out of time.
=Although I would like to solve your problems, I am really running out of time.
我很想幫你解決問題但我真的沒時間了。
然而
(註:這三個字都只是副詞,沒辦法連接兩個句子,因此還需另外搭配能連接句子的連接詞,或把它直接分成兩個句子喔!)
however
nevertheless
nonetheless
【範例】Drunk driving is illegal and may cause serious damage.However, many people still don't take it seriously and keep driving after consuming alchohol.
酒駕不僅違法且可能造成嚴重傷害,但是許多人仍然不重視並且依舊在攝取酒精後開車。
事實上
in fact
as the matter of fact
actually
【範例】I'm not going to the library with you. In fact, I don't even bring my books with me.
我沒有要跟你們去圖書館,事實上,我根本沒把書帶出來。
以上就是今天連接詞與轉折語的教學喔,大家看完了這篇整理後有對這個主題更了解嗎?
好好善用這些內容,對於不管是文意或是英文寫作,都能有很實質的幫助喔。
尤其在作文的部分,不僅能讓表達更精確,也能豐富句型的形式。
大家也能上Engoo官網跟老師練習有關連接詞與轉折語的部分,註冊即可獲得免費兩堂課程(點我)
甚至偷偷觀察身為native speaker的他們是如何在日常生活中使用不同的連接詞或轉折語,就可以學會更道地的用法喔!
文/沙向銓