【英文文法】Engoo不藏私教你分辨to V還是to Ving
文/ 劉昉苡
【牛刀小試】
(A)We are looking forward to hang out with you next time.
(B)We are looking forward to hanging out with you next time.
請問哪一個選項是對的呢？
答案是：B
你一定覺得很奇怪。為什麼to後面是放Ving？
Don’t worry! 現在就讓小編來為你解惑~
※句型一：to V
to加原型動詞的原因有；
表達目的
〈例句〉
- Because of fighting with her boyfriend, she locked the door to keep him outside.
因為和男朋友吵架，所以她便鎖門將男友關在門外。
- We set off early so as to avoid the traffic.
我們為了避免塞車，所以提早出發。
- They speak slowly in order to let everyone understand.
他們降低語速是要讓大家比較容易理解。
補充說明to前面的形容詞
〈例句〉
- I am anxious to go on the stage later.
等一下要上台我很緊張。
- I am happy to be your partner.
能當你的伙伴我很開心。
- It is impossible to change his mind.
想讓他改變心意是不可能的。
補充說明前面的抽象名詞
〈例句〉
- She has no desire to be a millionaire.
她並不渴望成為百萬富翁。
- They gave him an opportunity to work.
他們提供他一個工作機會。
- He is upset by his failure to get the contract.
他對自己沒有得到合約很失望。
【補充：搭配to V的常見動詞】
try嘗試 allow允許 train訓練
agree同意 offer提供 plan計畫
attempt試圖 ask要求 refuse拒絕
expect期望 want想要 decide決定
pretend假裝 need必須 afford負擔
hope希望 promise承諾 encourage鼓勵
※句型二：to Ving
to後面放Ving的話，那個to就是介系詞，表示持續不斷的習慣、事實或是狀態。
動詞搭配to Ving
〈例句〉
- I am looking forward to seeing my girlfriend tomorrow.
我很期待明天要見我的女朋友。
- My cousin devotes her life to helping poor people.
我表姊的人生都奉獻給貧苦人們了。
- Would you mind closing the door?
你可以幫忙關一下門嗎？
- I dislike going to work early.
我不喜歡早起工作。
名詞搭配to Ving
〈例句〉
- People are addicted to watching soap operas on the Internet nowadays.
現在人們都沉溺於網路追劇。
- We are opposed to raising taxes.
我們反對增加賦稅。
形容詞搭配to Ving
〈例句〉
- His dedication to marrying Anna moves her parents.
他想娶Anna的決心感動了她的父母。
【補充】
| 常見搭配to Ving的動詞 | like喜歡 dislike不喜歡 mind介意 keep保持look forward期待 recommend推薦 devote貢獻 dedicate付出 |
| 常見搭配to Ving的名詞 | reaction反應 dedication付出 devotion貢獻 addiction沉隱 |
| 常見搭配to Ving的形容詞 | addicted上癮的 committed忠誠的opposed反對的 dedicated 盡忠職守的 |
※額外補充
有的時候，同一個動詞後面可以放原型動詞，也能擺動名詞，現在就來教你如何使用！
Try
+ to V：已經嘗試，但結果未知
〈例句〉
She has tried to please her mother-in-law.
她有嘗試著取悅她的婆婆。
+Ving：嘗試達到目的
〈例句〉
Have you tried making a change?
你有嘗試做個改變嗎？
Stop
+ to V：停下某個動作去做下一個動作
〈例句〉
She stopped to buy a cup of coffee.
她停下來去買杯咖啡。
+Ving：停下正在進行中的動作
〈例句〉
She stops writing stories now.
她現在暫停寫小說了。
Forget
+to V：忘記去做某事
〈例句〉
I forgot to pay the phone bill.
我忘記付電話費了。
+ Ving：忘記曾經做過某事
〈例句〉
She forgot returning back the money.
她忘記她已經還過錢了。
Remember
+to V：記得去做某事
〈例句〉
Honey, remember to buy milk on your way home.
親愛的，回家前記得買牛奶喔！
to Ving：記得曾做過某事
〈例句〉
I remember sending you an e-mail this morning.
我記得我早上有寄email給你呀！
有沒有抓到to V跟to Ving的訣竅了呢？
事不宜遲，快去Engoo找老師練習吧！
參考資料：
- English Club. Infinitive or -Ving.[Online]. [Accessed January 29, 2019] Available: https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-m_infinitive-ing.htm
- Learn English. to + infinitive.[Online]. [Accessed January 29, 2019] Available: https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar/infinitive
- English Teacher Melanie. (2010). English Grammar: Can a gerund be used after the preposition “to”?.[Online]. [Accessed January 29, 2019] Available: http://www.englishteachermelanie.com/grammar-can-a-gerund-be-used-after-to/
