【英文文法】Engoo不藏私教你分辨to V還是to Ving
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文/ 劉昉苡
【牛刀小試】
(A)We are looking forward to hang out with you next time.
(B)We are looking forward to hanging out with you next time.
請問哪一個選項是對的呢?
答案是:B
你一定覺得很奇怪。為什麼to後面是放Ving?
Don’t worry! 現在就讓小編來為你解惑~
※句型一:to V
to加原型動詞的原因有;
表達目的
〈例句〉
- Because of fighting with her boyfriend, she locked the door to keep him outside.
因為和男朋友吵架,所以她便鎖門將男友關在門外。
- We set off early so as to avoid the traffic.
我們為了避免塞車,所以提早出發。
- They speak slowly in order to let everyone understand.
他們降低語速是要讓大家比較容易理解。
補充說明to前面的形容詞
〈例句〉
- I am anxious to go on the stage later.
等一下要上台我很緊張。
- I am happy to be your partner.
能當你的伙伴我很開心。
- It is impossible to change his mind.
想讓他改變心意是不可能的。
補充說明前面的抽象名詞
〈例句〉
- She has no desire to be a millionaire.
她並不渴望成為百萬富翁。
- They gave him an opportunity to work.
他們提供他一個工作機會。
- He is upset by his failure to get the contract.
他對自己沒有得到合約很失望。
【補充:搭配to V的常見動詞】
try嘗試 allow允許 train訓練
agree同意 offer提供 plan計畫
attempt試圖 ask要求 refuse拒絕
expect期望 want想要 decide決定
pretend假裝 need必須 afford負擔
hope希望 promise承諾 encourage鼓勵
※句型二:to Ving
to後面放Ving的話,那個to就是介系詞,表示持續不斷的習慣、事實或是狀態。
動詞搭配to Ving
〈例句〉
- I am looking forward to seeing my girlfriend tomorrow.
我很期待明天要見我的女朋友。
- My cousin devotes her life to helping poor people.
我表姊的人生都奉獻給貧苦人們了。
- Would you mind closing the door?
你可以幫忙關一下門嗎?
- I dislike going to work early.
我不喜歡早起工作。
名詞搭配to Ving
〈例句〉
- People are addicted to watching soap operas on the Internet nowadays.
現在人們都沉溺於網路追劇。
- We are opposed to raising taxes.
我們反對增加賦稅。
形容詞搭配to Ving
〈例句〉
- His dedication to marrying Anna moves her parents.
他想娶Anna的決心感動了她的父母。
【補充】
常見搭配to Ving的動詞 | like喜歡 dislike不喜歡 mind介意 keep保持look forward期待 recommend推薦 devote貢獻 dedicate付出 |
常見搭配to Ving的名詞 | reaction反應 dedication付出 devotion貢獻 addiction沉隱 |
常見搭配to Ving的形容詞 | addicted上癮的 committed忠誠的opposed反對的 dedicated 盡忠職守的 |
※額外補充
有的時候,同一個動詞後面可以放原型動詞,也能擺動名詞,現在就來教你如何使用!
Try
+ to V:已經嘗試,但結果未知
〈例句〉
She has tried to please her mother-in-law.
她有嘗試著取悅她的婆婆。
+Ving:嘗試達到目的
〈例句〉
Have you tried making a change?
你有嘗試做個改變嗎?
Stop
+ to V:停下某個動作去做下一個動作
〈例句〉
She stopped to buy a cup of coffee.
她停下來去買杯咖啡。
+Ving:停下正在進行中的動作
〈例句〉
She stops writing stories now.
她現在暫停寫小說了。
Forget
+to V:忘記去做某事
〈例句〉
I forgot to pay the phone bill.
我忘記付電話費了。
+ Ving:忘記曾經做過某事
〈例句〉
She forgot returning back the money.
她忘記她已經還過錢了。
Remember
+to V:記得去做某事
〈例句〉
Honey, remember to buy milk on your way home.
親愛的,回家前記得買牛奶喔!
to Ving:記得曾做過某事
〈例句〉
I remember sending you an e-mail this morning.
我記得我早上有寄email給你呀!
有沒有抓到to V跟to Ving的訣竅了呢?
事不宜遲,快去Engoo找老師練習吧!
參考資料:
- English Club. Infinitive or -Ving.[Online]. [Accessed January 29, 2019] Available: https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-m_infinitive-ing.htm
- Learn English. to + infinitive.[Online]. [Accessed January 29, 2019] Available: https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar/infinitive
- English Teacher Melanie. (2010). English Grammar: Can a gerund be used after the preposition “to”?.[Online]. [Accessed January 29, 2019] Available: http://www.englishteachermelanie.com/grammar-can-a-gerund-be-used-after-to/
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